PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF PERINDOPRIL, AMLODIPINE, METOPROLOL AND INDAPAMIDE ON HYPERTENSION INDUCED LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSIVE RATS: BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 6 weeks daily oral administration of different classes of antihypertensive drugs in renovascular hypertensive adult male rats. The effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors perindopirl, 0.08 mg/kg), calcium channel blocker (amlodipine, 0.15 mg/kg), ß-blocker (metoprolol, 0.005 mg/kg) and a diuretic indapamide, 0.5 mg/kg) were studied on elevated blood pressure and hypertension induced left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the latter was measured as left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular nuclear density. Also, the effect of the mentioned drugs on some metabolic variables such as lipid profile represented by serum cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) as well as on serum blood glucose and serum Na⁺ and K⁺ levels was examined. All of perindopril, amlodipine metoprolol and indapamide significnatly decreased the elevated blood pressure and protected against hypertension induced LVH, but non of these drugs could affect left ventricular nuclear density. Indapamide significantly reduced blood glucose level and serum Na⁺ and K⁺ levels, whereas, perindopril markedly elevated serum Na⁺ level. Neither amlodipine nor indapamide could affect the lipid profile but perindopril benificially affected serum lipid profile by increasing HDL. Conversly, metoprolol increased cholesterol and TG and decreased HDL significantly. In conclusion, periondoproil in the present model (2 kidneys, one clip renovascular hypertensive rats) Would seem to have some advantages over the other used antithypertensive drugs in terms of lowering the elevated blood pressure and protecting against hypertension induced LVH. It laso improved the lipid profile as it increased HDL and seemed to have neutral effect on blood glucose level.